# How is liver cancer diagnosed?

> Source: World Aid Network — https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/liver-cancer/tests

## In short

Specialised liver CT or MRI can diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma without a biopsy in many people with cirrhosis. An AFP blood test may be raised but is not reliable on its own. A biopsy is used when imaging is unclear or a different cancer is possible. This is general information. A liver specialist interprets the scans.

The liver is a common place for other cancers to spread. Imaging and history distinguish primary liver cancer from metastases.

## Why might I not need a biopsy?

In cirrhosis, a typical pattern on contrast MRI or CT is accepted as diagnostic for hepatocellular carcinoma in UK practice. That avoids the bleeding risk of a needle through a damaged liver.

## What does AFP measure?

Alpha-fetoprotein can be raised in liver cancer. It is also raised for other reasons. It is a helper, not a screening test for the general public.

## What other tests are done?

Hepatitis B and C tests, liver function, and an assessment of cirrhosis (including whether transplant might be possible) shape the treatment plan.

## Key takeaways

- Specialist MRI or CT often confirms hepatocellular carcinoma.
- AFP is not a stand-alone test.
- Hepatitis status changes treatment and prevention for others in the family.

## Related pages in this guide

- Overview: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/liver-cancer
- Symptoms: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/liver-cancer/symptoms
- Scans & AFP: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/liver-cancer/tests
- Treatment: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/liver-cancer/treatment

## Frequently asked questions

### Is ultrasound enough?

It is used for surveillance. A mass still needs CT or MRI.

### Why test for hepatitis?

Untreated infection drives liver cancer and can be treated. Household contacts may need vaccination.

### Does WAN diagnose liver cancer in the UK?

No. We fund overseas treatment bills.

## How you can help

World Aid Network funds cancer treatment for patients who cannot pay in Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia. Donate at https://worldaidnetwork.org/appeal/cancer-emergency or https://worldaidnetwork.org/donate?cause=cancer-treatment&appeal=cancer-emergency

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This is general information, not medical advice, published by World Aid Network. Always consult a qualified clinician about your own health.