# Testicular cancer symptoms and how to check

> Source: World Aid Network — https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/testicular-cancer/symptoms

## In short

A painless lump or swelling in one testicle is the main sign of testicular cancer. A heavy feeling or a sudden collection of fluid also needs a GP visit. About 2,400 men are diagnosed in the UK each year, mostly aged 15 to 49.

Most lumps are not cancer. Checking is still how the treatable ones are found in time. There is no shame in asking a GP to examine you.

## What should a self-check feel for?

Get to know the smooth, egg-shaped feel of each testicle and the softer epididymis at the back. You are looking for a new hard lump or a change in size.

- A painless lump or swelling in a testicle
- A change in size, shape or firmness
- A dull ache or heaviness in the scrotum
- A sudden build-up of fluid

## Who is at higher risk?

An undescended testicle in childhood raises risk even after it has been brought down. White men have higher rates than some other groups. Family history is uncommon but relevant.

## Does testicular cancer mean losing fertility?

Treatment can affect sperm. Sperm banking is offered before chemotherapy in UK practice. Many men still father children afterwards. Ask before treatment starts.

## Key takeaways

- A new testicular lump should be checked promptly.
- It is the most common cancer in men aged 15 to 49.
- Early-stage survival is over 98%.

## Related pages in this guide

- Overview: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/testicular-cancer
- Self-check: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/testicular-cancer/symptoms
- Ultrasound & markers: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/testicular-cancer/tests
- Treatment: https://worldaidnetwork.org/cancer/testicular-cancer/treatment

## Frequently asked questions

### Is a lumpy epididymis cancer?

Often no. The epididymis at the back of the testicle is normally softer. A GP can tell the difference or refer for ultrasound.

### Can I wait to see if a lump goes away?

Book a GP rather than waiting weeks. Ultrasound is quick and most results are reassuring.

### Do you fund testicular cancer treatment overseas?

Yes, within partner capacity, for patients who cannot pay.

## How you can help

World Aid Network funds cancer treatment for patients who cannot pay in Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia. Donate at https://worldaidnetwork.org/appeal/cancer-emergency or https://worldaidnetwork.org/donate?cause=cancer-treatment&appeal=cancer-emergency

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This is general information, not medical advice, published by World Aid Network. Always consult a qualified clinician about your own health.