In short
Early liver cancer often causes no symptoms. Later signs include yellow skin or eyes, pain or swelling in the upper-right tummy, weight loss, pale poo and dark pee. About 6,300 people are diagnosed in the UK each year. Overall survival is low because many cases are found late.
Primary liver cancer starts in the liver. Secondary liver cancer has spread from elsewhere and is managed differently. This silo is about primary disease.
Which symptoms should you report?
Jaundice and unexplained weight loss need a prompt GP visit. Do not wait for pain.
- Yellow skin or whites of the eyes
- Pain or swelling in the upper-right tummy
- Weight loss or loss of appetite
- Pale poo and dark pee
- Deep tiredness without a clear cause
Who should be on surveillance scans?
People with cirrhosis are often offered regular ultrasound because their risk of hepatocellular carcinoma is higher. Ask your liver clinic if you are in a surveillance programme.
Can liver cancer be prevented?
Hepatitis B vaccination, treatment of hepatitis C, drinking less alcohol, and treating fatty liver disease all lower risk. That is prevention, not a screening test for everyone.
What are the key takeaways?
- Early liver cancer is often silent.
- Jaundice and unexplained weight loss need a GP.
- Hepatitis, alcohol and fatty liver drive most risk.
Care like this is out of reach for millions
The diagnosis, screening and treatment described here are routine in the UK. In Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia, poverty puts them out of reach — so a treatable cancer too often becomes a fatal one. World Aid Network funds treatment through locally-licensed oncologists for patients who cannot pay.
Frequently asked questions
Is jaundice always cancer?
No. Gallstones and hepatitis are common causes. Cancer is why it is still checked the same day if you are unwell.
Does a normal liver blood test rule cancer out?
No. Scans are what find a mass.
Do you fund liver cancer treatment overseas?
When partner hospitals can deliver the recommended treatment for a patient who cannot pay.
This guide is general information, not medical advice. It was reviewed by the World Aid Network editorial team for accuracy against NHS and World Health Organization sources. Always speak to a GP or qualified clinician about your own health.